Water Source Heat Pump Advantages:
1. The water temperature is relatively stable throughout the year, and its fluctuation range is far less than that of air. The water temperature is relatively constant, which makes the operation of the heat pump unit reliable and stable, and also ensures the efficiency and economy of the system.
2. In the area with abundant water resources, water source heat pump is adopted, which is less difficult to construct and has good heat exchange effect.
3. Because it is in direct contact with groundwater, there is no heat exchange temperature difference with groundwater, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.
4. Direct use of groundwater system; the system occupies a small area, and makes full use of its internal huge energy without damaging water resources, even can directly exchange energy at the underground water layer.
Water Source Heat Pump Disadvantages:
1. Sufficient groundwater resources are required as a prerequisite. In some areas, it has been stipulated that groundwater exploitation is not allowed.
2. It is difficult to implement the well water reinjection, and the well is often blocked, so 100% reinjection cannot be achieved, resulting in waste of groundwater resources, which may cause land subsidence.
3. The groundwater enters the unit without treatment, which has corrosive effect on the unit and pipeline, and the unit system is easily blocked by the mud and sand in the groundwater.
4. The groundwater also contains different ions, molecules, compounds and gases, which make the groundwater have chemical properties such as pH, hardness, corrosiveness, etc., which will have a certain impact on the unit material.
5. If the underground water level is low, the cost of well completion will increase, and the pump will reduce the system efficiency in operation.
6. The water source heat pump has the function of executing automatic protection. When the water flow is too low, the refrigerant low-pressure or high-pressure protection is started, the unit will automatically protect frequently, thus affecting the normal use.
7. The water source heat pump system is easy to have water inrush between the source side and the load side.
8. In the process of groundwater being pumped to the ground and flowing in the pipeline and reinjected to the ground, it is inevitable to contact with the air. With the increase of temperature and the decrease of pressure, the gas originally dissolved in the water will inevitably release with a certain amount of bubbles. The gas is difficult to dissolve and overflow for a while, which is easy to cause aquifer plugging.
9. When the water distribution is uneven, the water is cut off or the water quantity is too small, it will cause freezing at the heat exchanger side and damage the heat exchange equipment, make the water enter the refrigeration system, and cause the air conditioning unit to be scrapped.
10. In the utilization mode of water source heat pump, the cost of closed system is generally high. In the open system, whether we can find a suitable water source is the limiting condition of using water source heat pump. For the split system, the water source must meet certain temperature, water volume and cleanliness requirements.
11. Affected by the energy policies and fuel prices of different regions and countries, the basic conditions of water sources are different; the one-time investment and operation costs will vary with different users.