ENERGY EFFICIENCY/COST TO OPERATE
In moderately cold outdoor temperatures, heat pump systems provide energy-efficient heating using only electricity. In these conditions they can be less costly to operate compared to systems that use more expensive heating fuel sources such as natural gas, oil or propane. As temperatures drop below freezing, the heat pump requires more energy to maintain comfort inside, reducing efficiency and increasing your electric bill. You can solve this problem by pairing a heat pump with a furnace, creating a system. However, due to the higher initial cost for the heat pump unit, a system may be more expensive than a more commonly paired system of an air conditioner and furnace.
In cooling mode, both heat pumps and air conditioners come in models with high SEER ratings, providing energy efficient cooling during the warm summer months. SEER ratings are like miles-per-gallon for a car. They give you a standard measure of efficiency so you can compare different models. The higher the SEER, the more efficient the unit. In heating mode, heat pump efficiency is expressed in HSPF. The higher the HSPF, the higher the efficiency. In many ways, the energy efficiency and cost to operate factor comes down to location. In areas with moderate temperatures, a heat pump is a better option for efficient heating than in areas with extremely cold winters.
LONGEVITY
One important factor to consider is the longevity of the system. While there are a number of variables that greatly influence the life expectancy of a HVAC system, AC units typically last longer than Heat Pumps. The reason is that heat pumps heat and cool a home, so they are used year-round. Air conditioners get a break during the cooler months when a separate heat source is used to heat the home. Keep in mind, some of the potential downside of a shorter heat pump life expectancy may be offset by its ability to deliver efficient, money-saving heating during milder winter weather.
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