A Refrigerant is a fluid/gas/liquid that is employed in the Air Conditioning systems and Refrigerators.
Without refrigerant, Air Conditioners, Refrigerators or any other freezing technology will not be possible.
ACs contain the refrigerant inside the condenser coils.
The Refrigerant absorbs the heat from the room and leaves the hot air out in the environment.
As refrigerant absorbs heat, It undergoes state changes from liquid to gas. When the compressor compresses, it transitions back to liquid.
Types of Refrigerants
Let’s have a look at most common refrigerants used in ACs over the years.
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
The Making of CFCs including R12 is discontinued in 1994 as the CFCs are one of the main reasons for greenhouse gas effect and depletion of ozone layer.
Hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
R-22 is the most common refrigerant that is used in the air conditioners. In the late 1990s, the CFCs were replaced by Hydro chlorofluorocarbons. R-22 is the refrigerant that is used in more than 50% of Air Conditioners in India (As of now).
R-22 is just slightly better than CFCs. But, It is also harmful to the environment and also has ozone depletion potential. HCFCs including R22 will be phased within 4-5 Years.
When you are buying an AC or Refrigerator, have a look at the exterior component. If R-22 is mentioned on it, Do not opt for it. R22 is a refrigerant that is outdated and harmful to the environment.
Hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs)
HFCs (R-410A, R-32, and R-134) are better than HCFCs and do not deplete the ozone layer. But, they also have the potential for global warming.
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